Terminalogy
Antenna Effect : During the processing of VLSI chips,the wafers can collect charges.If a long metal line is getting connected to a gate (which typically will be) ,and if this strip of metal collects enough charges to breakdown the gate,the gate gets damaged permanently. TO avoid this people use various techniques like going to one metal above and coming back if they think that the metal strip is very long.Other technique is to have a diode connected to the metal line in a proper direction to discharge these extra charges. Electromigration: As the name suggests,when very large currents flow in a metal and if the metal is not able to carry that much current, it(the metal strip) may get knocked out creating a open here,and short somewhere else(plausible).Basically the metal width and thickness should be sufficient to carry that much current.This is a reliability issue.It can happen at any "micron" technology,not only sub-micron. Cross-talk: This term is interchangeably used wi...